Course Title: Biochemistry and Physiology

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

• Develop an understanding of the evolution of vertebrates thus integrating structure, function and development.
• Have an overview of the evolutionary concepts including homology and homoplasy, and detailed discussions of major organ systems.
• Understand how cells, tissues, and organisms function at different levels. The course content also provides the basis of understanding their abnormal function in animal and human diseases and new methods for treating those diseases.

Course Outcomes (COs):

• At the end of the course the student should be able to understand: Basic structure of biomolecules through model
• Develop the skills to identify different types of blood
• Enhance basic laboratory skill like keen observation, analysis and Learn the functional attributes of biomolecules in animal body.
• Know uniqueness of enzymes in animal body and their importance through enzyme
• Develop an understanding of the related disciplines, such as cell biology, neurophysiology, pharmacology, biochemistry etc.

Physiology, Biochemistry and Histology

COURSE OBJECTIVES

• The major aim of this course is to provide student s with a basic understanding of the fundamental process and mechanisms that serve and control the various function of body.
• Understand the structure and biological significance of carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
• Understand the structure and function of immunoglobulins.
• Understand the concept of enzyme, its mechanism of action and regulation.
• Understand the process of DNA replication, transcription and translation.
• Learn the preparation of models of peptides and nucleotides.
• Learn biochemical tests for amino acids, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids.
• Learn measurement of enzyme activity and its kinetics.

COURSE OUT COMES:

• After successfully completing this course, the students will be able to:
• Understand about the importance and scope of biochemistry.
• Understand the structure and biological significance of carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
• Understand the structure and function of immunoglobulins.
• Understand the concept of enzyme, its mechanism of action and regulation.
• Understand the process of DNA replication, transcription and translation.
• Learn the preparation of models of peptides and nucleotides.
• Learn biochemical tests for amino acids, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids.
• Learn measurement of enzyme activity and its kinetics.

Course Title: Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

COURSE OBJECTIVES

• This course covers the ecological and genetic core of evolutionary biology using prokaryote plant, animal and human examples.
• It discusses the maintenance of genetic variability, the rôle of chance in evolution, the origins of species and theories of evolution beyond the species level.

COURSE OUT COMES:

• After completing the course the student should understand and be able to explain fundamental terminology and concepts in the fields of genetics and evolution.
• The student should have a good understanding of central concepts in population and quantitative genetics.
• He/she should also understand the basic scientific methods, including data analysis, used in these fields, and be able to carry out simple analyses using empirical population genetics and quantitative genetics data.
• He/she should be able to combine this knowledge to interpret results from studies in population and quantitative genetics.
• The student should be capable of reflect on the outcome of genetic and evolutionary studies on a general level and evaluate their biological significance.

CourseTitle;Ecology,Evolution,Paleontology,Zoogeography,                           

                       Wildlife conservation

COURSE OBJECTIVES;

• Provide information on the distribution of animals and their associations in the past and to rationalize their relationship in the present time.
• Impart knowledge and concepts of evolution mainly on the basis of fossil record.
• Give understanding that fossil record also provides information about the distribution of animals in the past eras.

COURSE OUTCOMES:

•  Ecology: To understand environmental functions and their relations to the human life. Environmental pollution and their effects and how to overcome the problems. Students can take environmental science as a subject for further studies.
• Zoogeography: To understand the distribution of animals on earth in different regions. In addition to mapping the present distribution of animal species it also gives the knowledge of the evolutionary history and relationships of the animals.
• Evolution: to show how natural selection ultimately underpins all biological processes and how evolution has generated biological diversity. To outline the major transition in evolution, from origin of life to hominid evolution.

Course Title; Genetics, Biotechnology & Biostatistics                           

COURSE OBJECTIVES;  

• This course imparts the knowledge of basic statistical methods to solve problems
• Students are taught to operate various statistical software packages
• By the end of the course, the students are able to appreciate the importance of statistics in research and prepares them for a career in research

 COURSE OUTCOMES:

• Students will be taught Mendelian genetics, their principles and gene interaction.
• They learn about chromosomal aberrations and structure of chromosomes.
• The student will gain a basic understanding on human genetics and hereditary.

Course Title; Microbiology and Modern Techniques in biology

COURSE OBJECTIVES;

• This fundamental paper discusses the importance of microorganisms
• The course throws light on types of microorganisms in and around humans
• At the end of the course, the student has understanding on the metabolism and mechanism of microbial life
• The student will be able to apply basic principles of biology, computer science and mathematics to address complex biological problems
• This is an interdisciplinary and emerging area
• The students are taught the basics of nanotechnology and their applications
• The course introduces the students to the new and novel applications to solve biomedical problems through nanotechnology

COURSE OUTCOMES

• Learning the scientific methods and the history of science is the embodiment of scientific knowledge .As an introductory part of Microbiology, students will get the basic ideas and practices from the contribution of several Microbiologists in the field of microbiology. They will have to know the diversity of microbial world like algae, fungi, protozoa and their general characteristics and importance. They will be understood various laboratory practices, bio-safety and also know the applications of important instruments like biological safety cabinets, autoclave, incubator, BOD incubator, hot air oven, light microscope, pH meter

• Study Projects
• Field Trips & Study visits
• Participation and presentation of papers in seminars

• Employment oriented training through Certificate Courses and Workshops
• Encouraging students to participate in Sports, NCC, NSS
• Provision of books through Departmental Library
• Endowment prizes for meritorious students
• Parent Teacher Interactions
• Medical Check Ups to students in association with Medical & Health Unit of the Society.

Spacious classrooms with good aeration, seating and blackboards

• Two well equipped laboratories
• Zoology Museum with good collection of specimens, slides and Models
• General Library and Zoology Departmental Library
• Internet access to students in the department
• Guidance and support for Higher education

Institutional Social Responsibility (ISR)

1. Celebration of Mendel’s birthday anniversary
2. Celebration of the “Kargil Vijay Diwas”
3. International Tiger day celebration
4. Group Discussion and Tree Plantation
5. Dental Checkup Camp
6. Gender Sensitization Poster Exhibitions
7. International Ozone Day

8.. World Cancer Day

VERMICULTURE

 Vermicomposting :

Goal:

• To use college organic waste like litter for vermicomposting
• The use of vermicompost to flora of college campus
• To guide the enable the farmer to produce nutrient rich compost from the available farm waste and thereby to improve soil fertility
• Vermicomposting is an excellent method of recycling of Farm and home waste.
• To establish Vermi composting units at Farmyards

 The Context:

• Vermicomposting is the scientific method of making compost, by using earthworms.
• They are commonly found living in soil, feeding on biomass and excreting it in a digested form.
• Vermiculture means “worm-farming”. Earthworms feed on the organic waste materials and give out excreta in the form of “vermicasts” that are rich in nitrates and minerals such as phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and potassium.
• Vermicompost is earthworm excrement, called castings, which can improve biological, chemical, and physical properties of the soil.
• The main objective of vermicomposting project is to produce organic manure. Agricultural wastes, wastes from dairy and animal farms are usually dumped into at places resulting in a foul mess. By vermicomposting these wastes, they are not only utilized efficiently but also help in making a value-added product 

The Practice:

1. To prepare compost, either a plastic or a concrete tank can be used. The size of the tank depends upon the availability of raw materials.
2. Collect the biomass and place it under the sun for about 8-12 days. Now chop it to the required size using the cutter.
3. Prepare a cow dung slurry and sprinkle it on the heap for quick decomposition.
4. Add a layer (2 – 3 inch) of soil or sand at the bottom of the tank.
5. Now prepare fine bedding by adding partially decomposed cow dung, dried leaves and other biodegradable wastes collected from fields and kitchen. Distribute them evenly on the sand layer.
6. Continue adding both the chopped bio-waste and partially decomposed cow dung layer-wise into the tank up to a depth of 0.5-1.0 ft.

After adding all the bio-wastes, release the earthworm species over the mixture and cover the compost mixture with dry straw or gunny bags.

7. Sprinkle water on a regular basis to maintain the moisture content of the compost.
8. Cover the tank with a thatch roof to prevent the entry of ants, lizards, mouse, snakes, etc. and protect the compost from rainwater and direct sunshine.
9. Have a frequent check to avoid the compost from overheating. Maintain proper moisture and temperature.

Evidence of Success

1. After the 24th day, around 3000 to 4000 new worms are introduced and the entire raw material is turned into the vermicompost.
2. Develops roots of the plants.
3. Improves the physical structure of the soil.
4. Vermicomposting increases the fertility and water-resistance of the soil.
5. Helps in germination, plant growth, and crop yield.
6. Nurtures soil with plant growth hormones such as auxins, gibberellic acid, etc.
7. Vermicomposting is an eco-friendly process that recycles organic waste into compost and produces valuable nutrients

Problems Encountered and Resources Required

1. It is a time-consuming process and takes as long as six months to convert the organic matter into usable forms.
2. It releases a very foul odour.
3. Vermicomposting is high maintenance. The feed has to be added periodically and care should be taken that the worms are not flooded with too much to eat.
4. The bin should not be too dry or too wet. The moisture levels need to be monitored periodically.
5. They nurture the growth of pests and pathogens such as fruit flies, centipede and flies.

Organic waste is produced less because of small college campus area.